Ibrahim, Elvira Khairunnisa, Muhammad Albahi, and Raja Sakti Putra Harahap. 2026. “Financial Ratio Dynamics and Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banking: A Panel Analysis of FDR, NPF, and CAR”. Owner : Riset Dan Jurnal Akuntansi 10 (3):2634-52. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v10i3.3390.