Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Komersial Konvensional di Indonesia
DOI:
10.33395/owner.v9i4.2773Keywords:
Banking, Capital Structure, Financial PerformanceAbstract
In the banking world, the chosen capital structure will have a direct impact on the bank's ability to finance operational activities, manage risk, and maintain long-term financial stability. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate how far decisions related to capital structure can affect the financial performance of 22 conventional commercial banks on the IDX in 2021-2024, an analysis technique using the Stata 15 program with the Random Effect Model (REM). In this study, a quantitative approach with an explanatory study design was used. The t-test in this research shows that LDR and DTAR show a positive and significant influence on financial performance, while ATER shows a negative and significant influence on financial performance. The CAR and GA did not show a significant influence on financial performance. The results of this study imply that banks need to maintain a balanced capital structure, particularly in managing liquidity and funding ratios, to improve the effectiveness of financial performance.
Downloads
Plum-X Analityc
References
Adato, A. A. (2022). Effect of Credit Risk Management on Business Performance of Banks Operating in Ethiopia. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 13(9), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.7176/rjfa/13-9-02
Ahmed, A., & Teru, D. P. (2020). The Impact of Capital Structure on Financial Performance of The Listed Deposit Money Banks: Evidence From Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Finance and Management, 3(2), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.33545/26175754.2020.v3.i2a.72
Al-Nimer, M., Arabiat, O., & Taha, R. (2024). Liquidity Risk Mediation in the Dynamics of Capital Structure and Financial Performance: Evidence from Jordanian Banks. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(8), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17080360
Alao, A.-A. A., Sanyaolu, W. A., & Oyebade, A. D. (2024). Treasury Single Account and Banks’ Stability in Nigeria. Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges, 13(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.51865/eitc.2024.01.02
Apau, R., & Sibindi, A. B. (2023). The Effect of Bank-Specific Dynamics on Profitability Under Changing Economic Conditions: Evidence from Ghana. Banks and Bank Systems, 18(4), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(4).2023.15
Arhinful, R., & Radmehr, M. (2023). The Effect of Financial Leverage on Financial Performance: Evidence from Non-Financial Institutions Listed on The Tokyo Stock Market. Journal of Capital Markets Studies, 7(1), 53–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCMS-10-2022-0038
Boshnak, H. (2023). The impact of capital structure on firm performance: evidence from Saudi-listed firms. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 20(1), 15–26. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41310-022-00154-4
Chan, C. H., Wong, W. K., & Au Yong, H. N. (2024). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Financial Performance of Publicly Listed Companies. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 16(2), 1057–1067. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-05-2023-0147
Dwaikat, N., Qubbaj, I. S., & Queiri, A. (2023). Mediation Effects of Financial Performance between Assets Utilization and the Market Value of Palestinian Listed Firms. Global Business and Finance Review, 28(5), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.17549/gbfr.2023.28.5.99
Enjela, L. M., & Wahyudi, I. (2022). Pengaruh Return On Asset, Loan To Deposit Ratio, dan Capital Adequacy Ratio Terhadap Harga Saham. CEMERLANG?: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Ekonomi Bisnis, 2(3), 78–86.
Farida, A. N. F., & Yulazri. (2024). Analisis Pengaruh Likuiditas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Modal, Dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Anisa. Journal of Comprehensive Science, 3(3), 409–420.
Gunarianto, Puspitosarie, E., & Susilo, S. H. (2023). Company Value Analysis: Sales, Assets, Growth Opportunities and Leverage in LQ-45 Companies (Indonesia Stock Exchange). Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 20(4), 385–398. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.20(4).2023.31
Ikhsan, M., Jumono, S., Munandar, A., & Abdurrahman, A. (2022). The Effect of Non Performing Loan (NPL), Independent Commissioner (KMI), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Firm Value (PBV) Mediated by Return on Asset (ROA). Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 2(5), 810–824. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems1063
Keputusan Presiden Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Penetapan Berakhirnya Status Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Di Indonesia, Pub. L. No. KEPPRES No. 17 Tahun 2023, Jakarta: Pemerintah Pusat Indonesia 1 (2023). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/253985/keppres-no-17-tahun-2023
Khairi, M. R., Atika, & Rahmani, N. A. B. (2024). The Effect of Return on Equity, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Financing to Deposit Ratio on Return on Assets of PT. Bank Muamalat Tbk Mhd. Ilomata International Journal of Tax & Accounting, 5(4), 1154–1172.
Kwashie, A. A., Baidoo, S. T., & Ayesu, E. K. (2022). Investigating The Impact of Credit Risk on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks In Ghana. Cogent Economics and Finance, 10(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2109281
Maulani, M. G., Suryaningprang, A., Herlinawati, E., & Sudaryo, Y. (2024). Influence of Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL) And Provision For Losses of Productive Assets (PLPA) On Return On Asset (ROA) In BPR Jujur Arghadana Period 2019-2023. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 7(1), 393–398. www.exsys.iocspublisher.org/index.php/JMAS
Morris, R. D. (1987). Signalling, Agency Theory and Accounting Pilicy Choice. Accounting and Business Research, 18(69), 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.050
Muhammed, S., Desalegn, G., & Emese, P. (2024). Effect of Capital Structure on the Financial Performance of Ethiopian Commercial Banks. Risks, 12(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks12040069
Mulbah, K. T., Kurbonov, S., & Nasriddinov, B. (2024). The Effect of Bank Size, Net Interest Margin, and Capital Adequacy Ratio on Commercial Banks’ Return on Assets: Empirical Evidence from Tanzania. European Scientific Institute, 28, 474–493. https://doi.org/10.19044/esipreprint.4.2024.p474
Mulyani, N., & Purwaningsih, E. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Tingkat Utang Dan Rasio Kecukupan Modal Terhadap Harga Saham. Jurnal Ilmiah Research Student (JIRS), 1(1), 130–145.
Nemati, D. A. R., Javed, T., & Sidiqui, M. U. (2021). Impact of Asset Growth and Equity Multiplier on the Financial Performance of Microfinance Banks of Pakistan. International Journal of Management Research and Emerging Sciences, 11(3), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.56536/ijmres.v11i3.154
Nguyen, T. T. C., Le, A. T. H., & Nguyen, C. Van. (2024). The Impact of Liquidity and Corporate Efficiency on Profitability. Emerging Science Journal, 8(1), 180–191. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-013
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2024). Statistik Perbankan Indonesia. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/perbankan/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-indonesia/Default.aspx
Priyanto, A. A., & Handika, D. T. (2022). Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Aset (Asset Growth ) Dan Total Asset Turnover (TATO) Terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) Pada PT. Bukit Asam Tbk. Jurnal Ilmiah SeMaRaK, 5(2), 104–123. https://doi.org/10.32493/smk.v5i2.21397
Rabani, M. R., & Mahroji. (2024). Pengaruh Modal Kerja, Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Modal, dan Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Mochammad. Reslaj:Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 6(4), 2671–2690. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v6i4.1766
Rifansa, M. B., & Pulungan, N. A. F. (2022). The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Operational Costs and Operational Revenue (BOPO) On Return on Assets (ROA) in Bank IV Indonesia. Budapest International Researchand Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal, 5(2), 15723–15737. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i2.5484
Rizka, N. R., & Ulfida, D. (2024). Asset Growth and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Asset Utilization. BAJ (Behavioral Accounting Journal), 7(2), 118–135.
Rodgers, J. L., & Nicewander, W. A. (1988). Thirteen Ways to Look at The Correlation Coefficient. The American Statistician, 42(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1988.10475524
Ross, S. A. (1977). The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive-Signalling Approach. The Bell Journal of Economics, 8(1), 23–40. https://doi.org/10.2469/dig.v27.n1.2
Segun, I. B., Olusegun, I. F., Akindutire, Y. T., & Thomas, O. A. (2021). Capital Structure and Financial Performance: Evidence from Listed Firms in the Oil and Gas Sector in Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 6(3), 180–187. www.ijisrt.com180
Sike, R. I., Ibrahim, U. A., & Maitala, F. (2022). Capital Structure and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria Listed Non-Financial Firms. International Journal of Economics and Management Systems, 7, 549–557.
Solihin, A., & Fathihani, F. (2024). Analysis of Financial Performance with the Camel Method ( Case Study of Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2018 Period ). Dinasti International Journal of Management Science (DIJMS), 6(1), 10–21.
Spence, M. (1973). Job Market Signaling. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355–374.
Suharyanto, Iskandar, Y., Zaki, A., & Widhayani, P. S. (2024). The Effect of Financial Performance on Return on Assets in Banks Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 22(1), 72–82. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2024.022.01.06
Suroso, S. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on the Profits of Go Public Banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Period 2016 – 2021. Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance, 2(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.33258/economit.v2i1.610
Tangngisalu, J., Hasanuddin, R., Hala, Y., Nurlina, N., & Syahrul, S. (2020). Effect of CAR and NPL on ROA: Empirical Study In Indonesia Banks. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO6.009
Utomo, K. H., & Widhiastuti, S. (2024). The Effect of Asset Growth and Systematic Risk on Company Value with Profitability as an Intervening Variable. Asian Journal of Accounting and Finance Management (JAFM), 5(5), 1206–1213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v5i5
Wahyudi, A. C., & Abidin, Z. (2023). Effect of Financial Performance and Bankownership on Return on Asset in Indonesian Banking Period 2019-2022. Journal of Business Studies and Mangement Review, 6(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.22437/jbsmr.v6i2.23659
Williams, M. N., Grajales, C. A. G., & Kurkiewicz, D. (2013). Assumptions of Multiple Regression: Correcting Two Misconceptions. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 18(11), 1–14.
Wooldridge, J. M. (2013). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (5th Editio). South-Western:Cengage Learning. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315215402-43
Xu, J., Sun, Z., & Shang, Y. (2021). Capital structure and financial performance in China’s agricultural sector: a panel data analysis. Custos e Agronegocio, 17(2), 445–463.
Yulianto, K. I., & Mayasari. (2022). The Influence of Sales Growth and Asset Growth on Stock Return. International Journal of Social and Management Studies (IJOSMAS), 3(3), 98–104. http://www.ijosmas.org
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Kesuma Dewi Safitri, Ickhsanto Wahyudi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.